Rivet.



I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN .B. STIMPSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO EDWIN B. STIMPSONCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

RIVE'I'.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN BALL STIMP- SON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rivets, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved rivet applicable to a number of usesincluding its use as a tire protecting device for automobile-wheels andthe like.

In the drawings which show only twoof the forms which my invention maytake together with a modified form of washer; Figure 1 is a verticalmidsection of a rivet within my invention riveted in place on a piece ofmaterial and employing a washer new in this combination; Fig. 2 is aview of the various parts before assembling; Fig. 3 is a top plan viewof Fig. 1; Fig. 4: is a horizontal section through line 4L l on Fig. 1;Fig. 5 is a vertical mid-section of a modified form of washer; and Fig.6 shows a modified cup and shank connection.

Describing now my invention with particular reference to the devices ofthe drawings, 1 is a cup perforated preferably with a round hole 2.through its bottom. The cup in the preferred form is rounded as shownfor example in Fig. l for the purpose hereinafter mentioned. Receivedwithin the cup is the head 3 of a shank at integral therewith andextending through the hole 2 in the cup. Preferably the relativedimensions of the head 3 to the inside diameter of the cup is such as toleave a space 5 between them.

To secure the cup or head part of the rivet to its shank and prevent theshank, during the act of riveting its free end, from being forced backthrough the hole in the cup and thereby separated from the cup, saidshank and cup members are adapted to coact with each other to preventthis separation,as for example by infolding the rim 6 to a slight extentover the head 3 of the shank. Such rim may be infolded in this way forits entire periphery as shown in Fig. 6 or only in part as shown inFigs. 1 and 3.

As to materials, when the rivet is to be used in connection with tires,the cup will preferably be made of crucible steel, or of other hard orhardening metal, whereas the shank portion will preferably be made ofsoft steel or of other metal adapted to be Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed June 3, 1907.

Patented Sept. 28, 1909. Serial No. 377,073.

readily riveted or upset to secure the device in place on the object.

The free end of shank at will preferably be riveted against a washerhaving beveled edges or a curved face. Thus 7 in Fig. 5 designates awasher with beveled edges and 8 in Figs. 1 and 2 a curved face washer.In either case the effect as compared with an ordinary washer havingequal thickness throughout is that it prevents the edge of the washerfrom cutting into the material in the course of wear. Moreover anotherfeature of considerable importance is additionally obtained which isthat the beveled, cutaway or convexed inside face of the washer allowsit to sink into the material in the act of riveting so that its outsideface is practically flush with the material carrying the rivet. Thisavoids projecting metal parts which otherwise would cause wear and tearon the material of the tire below the riveted layer. Similarly therounded profile of the underneath or contact portions of the cup 1 withthe material does away with any cutting of said material from thissource, the cup here also simply molding itself into the material afterthe manner indicated in Fig. 1.

The inturning of the cup against the head of theshank to hold the partstogether during the act of riveting in no way interferes with the roughshod action of the cup-rims 6 on the road-bed, except possiblytemporarily in the form shown in Fig. (3 with cuprims inturned allaround. But even here the inturned rims nevertheless act after themanner of sharp shod edges to prevent slipping and skidding, and thiscondition increases after the rivet has become somewhat worn. Thusassuming the rivet of Fig. 6 to be worn down to the line H in thatfigure the hardened cup-rim now separated by a space from the shank-head3 will act with great effect and the top of said head wearing rapidlybelow the contact edges of the cup on account of its relatively softernature will give full action to the hard rim of the cup to preventslipping and skidding.

Of course it is immaterial that when the rivet has been in use for somelittle time, the cup will free itself in the devices shown from itsinseparable connection with the shank member; on the contrary this isone of the advantages of the preferred construction. Thus from one pointof view it is immaterial that the cup becomes free in this fashionduring wear, because the reason for having the parts rigidly connectedis to facilitate riveting and naturally this reason no longer existsafter the device has been actually riveted to the material; and on theother hand this automatic freeing of the cup is an advantage because ittakes ofl much of the strain and consequent wear and tear of the shankof the rivet and its washer upon the tire-material by allowing the cupto move and rock on the shank and otherwise conform itself to the roadto the relief of the shank, the washer, and the tire-material.

It is to be noted that the statement in the annexed claim that the rimof the cup is inturned against the head is intended to cover broadlysuch feature; in other words, 1

to define said inturned rim whether it be inturned in whole as in Fig.6, or in part as in Figs. 1 and 3.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim 1s:

In a rivet a cup with a hole in its bottom, a shank extending throughsaid hole with a head retained in the interior of the cup and separatedtherefrom by a substantial annular space except at the rim of the cup,which is inturned against the head.

In witness whereof, I have signed my name to the foregoing specificationin the presence of two subscrlbing witnesses.

EDWIN B. STIMPSON.

Witnesses Jos. F. OBRIEN, E. W. Sonmm, Jr.

